Candelario Gonzales

Location of Interview
Collection Name

Port of Los Angeles Centennial Oral History Project

Description

The Port of Los Angeles celebrated its Centennial on December 9, 2007.  As part of the Port of Los Angeles Centennial Oral History Project, these interviews feature various members of the Los Angeles Harbor Area community who were interviewed in 2007 to document different eras in Port history.

Interviewer
Transcribers

National Capital Contracting 

Audio
Abstract

Candelario Gonzales was interviewed for the Port of Los Angeles Centennial Oral History Project. Candelario Gonzales, born on February 2, 1906, in Zacatecas, Mexico, immigrated to the United States with his family in 1920. His family settled in San Pedro, California, after initially arriving in Nogales, Arizona. The interview begins with Gonzales recounting his early life in Mexico and his family's reasons for immigrating to the United States. After his father passed away when Gonzales was three years old, his family faced economic hardships. They moved to the United States for better living conditions, aided by Gonzales's uncle, who was already settled in Los Angeles. Gonzales describes their journey, arriving in Los Angeles on June 9, 1920, and the immediate transition to working life to support the family. Gonzales details his early work experiences, starting as a helper in a grocery store at fourteen, earning $1 a day with room and board. He quickly transitioned to working in the shipyards, then in the canneries, and finally in the lumberyards. He describes the various jobs he held, emphasizing the hard, often dangerous labor involved, particularly in the lumberyard where he sorted and loaded heavy lumber. Gonzales reflects on his efforts to learn English, which were hindered by the lack of opportunities to practice the language at work. Despite only attending school for one semester, he gradually learned English through work and community interactions. He shares his experiences during significant historical periods, such as the Great Depression and World War II, noting the changes in the labor market and the increased activity in the port and shipyards during the war. Gonzales also discusses his involvement in the formation of labor unions and the impact of unionization on working conditions. He describes the resistance from companies and the challenges workers faced in organizing for better pay and conditions. The interview provides insights into Gonzales's personal life, including his two marriages and family life. He recounts his ventures into the restaurant business, initially helping his nephew with a restaurant before opening his own, the Gonzales Restaurant, which he ran successfully for several decades. He reflects on the changes in the San Pedro community over the years, the evolving landscape of the port, and the cultural shifts within the Mexican-American community.


Please Note: The oral histories in this collection are protected by copyright and have been created for educational, research and personal use as described by the Fair Use Doctrine in the U.S. Copyright law. Please reach out  Voices@noaa.gov to let us know how these interviews are being used in your research, project, exhibit, etc.  The Voices staff can help provide other useful resources related to your inquiry. 

The NOAA mission is to understand and predict changes in climate, weather, oceans, and coasts, to share that knowledge and information with others, and to conserve and manage coastal and marine ecosystems and resources. The Voices Oral History Archives offers public access to a wide range of accounts, including historical materials that are products of their particular times, and may contain offensive language or negative stereotypes.

Voices Oral History Archives does not verify the accuracy of materials submitted to us. The opinions expressed in the interviews are those of the interviewee only. The interviews here have been made available to the public only after the interviewer has confirmed that they have obtained consent.