Robert N. Culnan

Location of Interview
Collection Name

American Meteorological Society Oral History Project

Description

The American Meteorological Society Oral History Project (AMSOHP) aims to capture the history of the atmospheric sciences as told by scientists, administrators, and others working in the field. The collection is especially rich in interviews that capture the memories of scientists who launched much of the innovative meteorological research in post-war America.

To browse this collection and others, please visit the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Archives: https://aspace.archives.ucar.edu/

Interviewer
Date of Interview
10-25-1993
Audio
Abstract

On October 25, 1993, Earl Droessler interviews Robert N. Culnan in Charlottesville, Virginia, for the American Meteorological Society and University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Oral History Project. Culnan reflects on his extensive career in meteorology, detailing pivotal experiences that shaped the field over several decades. He recounts his early work with prominent meteorologists, including his 1940 summer with Carl-Gustaf Rossby and Jerome Namias at MIT, where he engaged in isentropic analysis under Victor Starr. Culnan discusses his instructorship at NYU during World War II, where he taught aviation cadets and worked alongside notable colleagues such as George Cressman and Herbert Riehl. Culnan elaborates on his transition back to the U.S. Weather Bureau in 1945, where he joined the Scientific Services Division and worked closely with Harry Wexler, known for advancing meteorological research and numerical weather prediction. He outlines significant contributions to atmospheric sciences, including the establishment of the Dobson ozone spectrophotometer network, which supported global ozone monitoring. Culnan highlights the collaborative development of numerical weather prediction, facilitated by John von Neumann and other key figures at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Further, Culnan describes the U.S. involvement in the International Geophysical Year (1957-58), detailing Wexler’s leadership in atmospheric and carbon dioxide monitoring initiatives, including the establishment of Mauna Loa Observatory. He recounts the growth of the Weather Bureau’s research efforts, the integration of satellite meteorology, and Wexler’s foundational role in fostering international meteorological collaboration, which influenced the formation of the World Weather Watch. Concluding with reflections on leadership transitions and his later career, Culnan recounts his move to Boulder, Colorado, in 1971 to work with the Environmental Research Laboratories under NOAA. He provides insights into the evolving structure of meteorological research organizations and their adaptation into NOAA’s framework. 


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